Hip pain: Acetabular dislocation/dysplasia of the Hip (a shallow hip socket that destabilizes the hip

Hip replacement surgery involves replacing a worn or damaged hip joint with an artificial one. This surgery is often necessary for patients suffering from conditions like arthritis, hip fractures, or avascular necrosis, which causes the bone to die due to a lack of blood supply. Indications: Chronic hip pain, reduced mobility, or hip joint stiffness. Procedure: The damaged bone and cartilage are replaced with metal, ceramic, or plastic prosthetics, typically through a posterior or anterior approach. Recovery: Most patients begin walking with assistance within a few days and gradually return to normal activities in 6-12 weeks.

Cholecystectomy is the surgical removal of the gallbladder, often performed to treat gallstones or other gallbladder diseases. Procedure: The gallbladder is removed through either an open incision or, more commonly, laparoscopically using small incisions and a camera for a minimally invasive procedure. Indications: Gallstones causing pain, infection, or inflammation. Recovery: Most patients recover in 1-2 weeks if the surgery was laparoscopic. Open surgery may require a longer recovery period of 4-6 weeks.

Cataract surgery is a common procedure to remove the cloudy lens of the eye caused by cataracts and replace it with a synthetic intraocular lens (IOL). Procedure: The surgeon removes the cloudy lens using a small incision and replaces it with an artificial lens. This can be done through traditional surgery or with laser-assisted techniques. Indications: Blurred vision, glare, and difficulty seeing at night caused by cataracts. Recovery: Most patients experience significant improvement in vision within a few days, with full recovery in about 4-6 weeks.

Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure used to join two or more vertebrae in the spine to treat conditions such as spinal instability, degenerative disc disease, or spinal deformities (e.g., scoliosis). Indications: Chronic back pain, nerve compression, spinal instability. Procedure: Bone grafts are inserted between the vertebrae, and metal rods and screws are used to stabilize the spine. Over time, the bone grafts fuse the vertebrae together. Recovery: Recovery can take several months, with a focus on physical therapy and avoiding strain on the spine during the healing process.